Preheat the oven to 350°F (180°C). Line 10 cavities of a standard muffin pan with paper liners.
Separate the eggs, placing the whites and yolks in two different bowls.
Break the chocolate into pieces and combine it with the butter. Melt over a double boiler or microwave in short intervals, stirring between each interval. Stir until smooth, then let cool slightly.
Beat the egg yolks with the sugar and vanilla until smooth and slightly lighter in color.
Gradually add the melted chocolate mixture to the yolks, stirring until combined.
Sift the flour into the chocolate mixture. Stir only until no dry flour remains.
In a clean, dry bowl, beat the egg whites with a pinch of salt until firm peaks form.
Fold approximately one-third of the whipped whites into the chocolate mixture to loosen the batter.
Add the remaining whites and fold gently with a spatula, using upward motions, until the batter is evenly combined.
Divide the batter among the prepared muffin cups, filling each approximately two-thirds full.
Bake for 12–14 minutes, until the muffins have risen and a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean or with a few small crumbs.
Let the muffins cool in the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer them to a wire rack.